october

The United Nations designated the first Monday of October of every year as World Habitat Day to reflect on the state of our towns and cities, and on the basic right of all to adequate shelter.

• A smile is the most beautiful expression a person can wear. To celebrate this occasion, every year first Friday of October is dedicated as World Smile Day

• American graphic artist, Harvey Ball from Massachusetts’s Worcester. In 1963, he created the first smiley while working for a client on his own advertising company. With time, Harvey realized that the smiley was losing its relevance for being used everywhere and over-commercialized.

The Indian Board of Wildlife was constituted and the idea of Wildlife Week was conceptualized in 1952 to raise awareness about the long term goals of protecting the wildlife of India. Initially, in 1955 the Wildlife day was celebrated which was later upgraded as Wildlife Week in 1957.

United Nations General Assembly on December 6, 1999.

The dates commemorate the launch of the first human-made Earth Satellite, Sputnik I, on 4 October 1957 and

The entry into force of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies on 10 October 1967.

GOALS OF WORLD SPACE WEEK

PROVIDE unique leverage in space outreach and education.

EDUCATE people around the world about the benefits that they receive from space.

ENCOURAGE greater use of space for sustainable economic development

DEMONSTRATE public support for space programs

EXCITE young people about science, technology, engineering & math

FOSTER international cooperation in space outreach and education.

• This day is celebrated to create awareness about the benefits of vegetarian lifestyle and encourage others to become vegetarian.

BENEFITS BEING A VEGETARIAN

1. Lowers risk of major heart diseases & cancers.

2. Boosts metabolism & helps in lowering body weight.

3. Diet includes grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables, which supply fiber, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals.

4. Helps save animals.

For the first time, International Coffee Day was celebrated back in 2015. The International Coffee Organization (ICO) decided to dedicate the day to all coffee lovers in 2014, but the first official Coffee Day was launched in 2015 in Milan. However, different countries celebrate their own national coffee days on different dates. Back in 1997, the ICO first celebrated International Coffee Day in China and later in 2009, it celebrated the day in Taiwan. Nepal observed the first International Coffee Day on November 17, 2005.

On 14 December 1990, the United Nations General Assembly designated October 1 as (resolution 45/106).

DID YOU KNOW?

Over the next three decades, the number of older people worldwide more than doubled

Reaching more than 1.5 billion persons in 2050, 80% of them will be living in low-and middle-income countries.

The International Day of Non-Violence is observed on 2 October, the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the Indian independence movement and pioneer of the philosophy and strategy of non-violence.

General Assembly resolution on 15 June 2007, which established the commemoration, the International Day is an occasion to "disseminate the message of non-violence, including through education and public awareness". The resolution reaffirms "the universal relevance of the principle of non-violence" and the desire "to secure a culture of peace, tolerance, understanding and non-violence"

World Day for Farmed Animals has been organized each year since 1983 by the Farm Animal Rights Movement (FARM), this year with the participation of Animal Justice, the Animal Law Firm.

A lawyer, a nationalist, a ethicist. The man who led India to "Swaraj" and inspired civil right movements and freedom across the world.

1869 - Born at Porbandar

1888 - Sailed for England to Study.

1891 - Gets license to practice law; returns to India

1894 - Founded the National Indian Congress

1906 - First Satyagraha in South Africa against the 'Black Act'

1917 - Sabarmati Ashram established

1919 - Fat against the Jallianwala Bangh massacre

1931 - Gandi-Irwin pact

1933 - Nation wide Harijan yatra

1934 - Resigned from Congress

1942 - 'Quit India' resolution adopted

1948 - Assassinated in Dlhi by Nathu Ram Godse.

"The preservation of freedom, is not the task of soldiers alone. the whole nation has to be strong."

-Jai Jawan Jai Kisan

Birth anniversary of Lal Bahadur Shastri, India's 2nd Prime Minister

• Lal Bahadur Shrivastava was born in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.

• He got the title ‘Shastri’ in Kashi Vidyapeeth university in 1926 as a mark of scholarly success. In fact, it was a degree.

• On August 15, 1947, he became the Minister of Police and Transport. It was during his tenure first women conductors were appointed.

• He was the one who suggested the use of jets of water instead of lathis to disperse unruly crowds.

• In 1952, he became the railway minister but he resigned from his position in 1956, after a train accident in Tamil Nadu killed around 150 passengers.

• Underlining the importance to increase the production and supply of milk he promoted White Revolution. The National Dairy Development Board was formed in 1965. To boost India’s food production he promoted the Green Revolution.

• During the India-Pakistan war in 1965, Shastri lead the country and took the bold step and asked the army to take action. Under his leadership, India won the war. This win also helped to boost the confidence Indian army lost after its last the war with China in 1962.

• Coined the slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" during the 1965 Indo-Pak War.

• During his tenure, the country faced an acute food shortage. To ensure that the food could be distributed equally he urged people to skip one meal a day. He went on air to appeal people to skip onemeal in a week. The appeal got a good response with eateries shutting down the shutters on Monday evening and soon people started to call it ‘Shastri Vrat’.

• On the occasion of his birth centenary in 2004, the RBI issued a Rs.100 coin with his portrait on it, commemorating his life. The coin is non-circulating and is available on order alone.

• He died on 11 January 1966 in the then USSR’s Tashkent due to heart failure, but his death is always seen with suspicion.

• He was the first person to be posthumously awarded Bharat Ratna, India’s highest in 1966.

The origins of World Temperance Day lie more than a century ago when the Buddhist Temperance Movement started this holiday somewhere between 1890 and 1900. Somehow in that time the number of pubs in Sri Lanka decreased noticeably.

Well, you can drink water or juice or something healthy. But the purpose of World Temperance Day is to stand still and realize that the beverages we use to party or just relax or otherwise recreate are sometimes not used for fun at all. Alcoholism and binge drinking can lead to regrettable situations. And to be honest some people should not drink at all

MISSION: To raise the status of animals in order to improve welfare standards around the globe.

World Teachers’ Day is celebrated every year on October 5 globally to recognise and celebrate the works of educators including teachers, researchers and professors worldwide.

• International Teachers Day is celebrated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) in partnership with United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), International Labour Organisation (ILO) and Education International.

Indian Air Force Day

MISSION, EXCELLENCE & INTEGIRY

Indian Air Force was founded 87 years ago on 1932.

Motto: TOUCH THE SKY WITH GLORY

Notable Operations:

• World War II 1939 -1945

• Indo-Pakistani War 1947-1948

• Congo Crisis 1960 - 1965

• Operation Vijay 1961

• Sino-Indian War 1962

• Indo-Pakistani War 1965

• Bangladesh Liberation War 1971

• Operation Meghdoot 1984

• Operation Poomalai 1987

• Operation Pawan 1988

• Kargil War 1999

World Post Day is celebrated each year on 9th October, to commemorate the establishment of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) in 1874 in the Swiss capital, Berne

October 10 was first celebrated as World Mental Health Day in 1992 by the World Federation of Mental Health. The day is observed every year with a special theme, a practice which began in 1994, when it was held under the theme of “Improving the Quality of Mental Health Services throughout the World.”

The United Nations observes International Day of the Girl Child on 11th of October every year. The day aims to highlight and address the needs and challenges girls face, while promoting girls' empowerment and the fulfillment of their human rights.

16th Years old - Aava Murto assumed the post of prime minister of Finland for one day on occasion of UN International Day of Girl Child.

• Since 1996, every year 12th October is observed as World Arthritis Day, to raise awareness about Arthritis around the world.

• The 2021 theme for World Arthritis Day is "Don't Delay, Connect Today: Time2Work." Arthritis is the most prevalent disease in the world that affects 1 in every 4 adults.

• Arthritis is not a single disease but a collection of more than 100 different conditions that affect the joints, tissues around joints, and other connective tissues.

• The conditions are usually associated with joint stiffness, pain, and inflammation and are more commonly seen in adults.

• Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints. It can affect one joint or multiple joints.

• There are more than 100 different types of arthritis, with different causes and treatment methods.

• Two of the most common types are osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction

• The day is also known as World Calamity Control Day.

• It is celebrated to raising awareness about the importance of reining in the risks that they face.

• It also addresses how people and communities around the world are reducing their exposure to disasters.

• The theme of this year is “International cooperation for developing countries to reduce their disaster risk and disaster losses.”

• It was started in 1989, after a call by the United Nations General Assembly.

• In 2015 at the Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction in Sendai, Japan, the international community was reminded that disasters hit hardest at the local level with the potential to cause loss of life and great social and economic upheaval. It is also at the local level that capacities need to be strengthened urgently.

International Day for Rural Women is a day that focuses on gender equality and empowering women in rural areas. Highlighting the purpose of this day, the United Nations said that it “recognises the critical role and contribution of rural women in agricultural and rural development. It is observed on October 15 every year.

The United Nations general assembly had established this day on December 18, 2007, to stress the importance of equal opportunities for women and girls in rural areas.

Women and girls in rural areas lack equal access to productive resources and assets, public services such as education, healthcare and infrastructure, including water and sanitation.

In 2010, The United Nations declared 15 October, the birth anniversary of the former Indian President A.P.J Abdul Kalam, as the World Student's Day

1. His efforts & dedication in the field of science and technology.

2. The role of a teacher played by him during his scientific and political careers

Education:

1960 Graduated in Aerospace Engineering from the MIT, Chennai.

ACHIVEMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE YOUTH AND EDUCATION

Throughout his life Mr. Kalam was conferred with around 22 awards and honors; wrote at least 18 books on youth, students, inspiration, science and technology.

1969 The project director of India's first satellite launch vehicle.

1981 Padma Bhushan

1990 Padma Vibhushan

1997 Bharat Ratna

HE WROTE MANY BOOKS ADDRESSING THE YOUTHS AND INSPIRING STUDENT

1. Wings of Fire

2. Ignited Minds

3. The Luminous Sparks

4. Indomitable Sprit

5. You Are Born To Blossom

6. Turning Points

7. Forge Your Future

World Food Day is celebrated by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on 16 October every year since its Inception in 1945.

16th October is celebrated as the National Security Guard (NSG) Raising Day.

• NSG is an elite counter-terrorism unit under the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

• The NSG came into existence through the National Security Guard Act, 1986. It is popularly known as the Black Cats.

• It is an elite striking force in the country trained and equipped to handle situations like a terrorist attack, hijacking, and hostage captivity.

• Its headquarter is in New Delhi. The motto of the National Security Guard is Sarvatra Sarvottam Suraksha. It has two elements, Special Action Group (SAG) and Special Rangers Group (SRG).

• SAG comprises Army personnel and SRG has the personnel drawn from State Police and Central Armed Police Force.

• NSG is modelled on the elite anti-terror forces GSG-9 of Germany and SAS of the United King.

• Since its raising the NSG has been used in Punjab in 1986 and Jammu & Kashmir. It played a significant role in thwarting Mumbai terror attacks (26/11 attacks).

International Day for the Eradication of Poverty promotes people’s awareness of the need to eradicate poverty and destitution worldwide, particularly in developing countries.

Dec 22 1992, the UN General Assembly declared 17 October as the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty.

The Day is

• An opportunity to acknowledge the effort & struggle of people living in poverty

• A chance for them to make their concerns heard

People living in poverty experience many interrelated and mutually reinforcing deprivations that prevent them from realizing their rights and perpetuate their poverty

1. Dangerous work conditions

2. unsafe housing

3. Lack of nutritious food

4. Unequal access to justice

5. Lack of political power

6. Limited access to health care

National Solidarity Day - Celebrated every year to remember the national integrity shown by Indians on the occasion in defeat at Sino-Indo war against China.

Oct'20-1962 The war began when People Liberation Army of China attacked India at the Himalayan borders in Ladakh and Arunachal simultaneously.

The war lasted for 3 weeks and one day till 21 November 1962.

1966 - A prestigious committee constituting PM Indira Gandhi and other dignitaries dedicated 20 October as National Solidarity Day annually as a reminder of Indo-China war.

Aim to raise awareness on osteoporosis & improves bone health

Osteoporosis is alone responsible for more than 8.9 million fractures globally

Consult your doctor if you experience:

• Back pain

• Stopped posture

• Restricted range of motion

• Bone fracture that occurs easily than expected

Facts

• Osteoporosis is the hidden, underlying cause of painful and life-threatening fractures

• The most common of osteoporotic fractures are spine (vertebral)

• Back pain, height-loss and stooped back are all possible signs of spine fractures

• A family history of osteoporosis and broken bones is a sign that you too may be at higher risk.

Prevention

1. Regular exercise such as aerobics, climbing stairs, running etc.

2. Consume calcium and vitamin-D enriched food such as cereal, soy milk, broccoli, cheese, egg yolk, milk etc.

3. Avoid consuming alcohol and quit smoking

4. Avoid carbonated beverages such as cold drink etc.

5. Consult your physician for routine check-up.

The National Police Commemoration Day is observed on 21st October every year in India. The day is marked to remember and honour the brave policemen who have laid down their lives in the line of duty. The day is also called police Martyrs Day. Since 2012, the police commemoration parade is held at the National Police Memorial located in Chanakya Puri.

On October 21, 1959, Chinese troops opened fire and threw grenades at twenty Indian soldiers in Ladakh. Ten of the brave police personnel attained martyrdom and seven others sustained injuries in the incident. More than a month later, on November 28, 1959, the Chinese troops handed over the dead bodies of the martyred policemen to India. Their cremation was held with full Police honours at the Hot springs in North Eastern Ladakh. Ever since the incident, October 21 has been observed as Police Commemoration Day in remembrance of the martyrs.

Each year on 24 October, the United Nations (UN) celebrates its anniversary.

• UN Day marks the anniversary of the entry into force of the UN Charter and the founding of the Organization in 1945.

• UN is a global organization tasked with maintaining international peace and security while fostering friendly relations among nations.

• The theme of this year is "Recovering better for an equitable and sustainable world."

• United Nations is the largest, most recognized and most powerful intergovernmental organisation in the world.

• The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat.

• At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; this number grew to 193 representing the vast majority of the world’s sovereign states.

World Polio Day was established by Rotary International over a decade ago to commemorate the birth of Janas Salk, who led the first team to develop a vaccine against poliomyelitis.

Homi J. Bhabha

30 October 1909 - 24 January 1966

Established the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in 1945.

The Atomic Energy Commission in 1948.

Graduated from Cmbridge University

Remembering the Iron Man of India Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel on his Birth Anniversary.

Manpower without UNITY is not a strength unless it is harmonized and united properly, then it becomes a spiritual power

Indira Gandhi - The Iron Lady of India - 19 Nov 1917 - 31 Oct 1984

• Became a member of Congress Working Committee in 1955, when her father took office in 1947

• In 1959, she was elected to the largely honorary post of party president.

• In 1974, she led India into the nuclear age with the testing at Pokhran.

• She is the first lady prime minister (1966-1977) of Independent India.

• World's Longest-serving woman prime minister.

A nation's strength ultimately consists in what it can do on its own, and not in what it can borrow from others